Ethics, Social Responsibility And Pricing Objectives

Jeana Webster AC1702726 Co1 Introduction to Business Assignment 04: Ethics, Social Responsibility and Pricing Objectives June 7, 2017 PART A 1. MKD demonstrates ethical behavior towards their employees in the following. First, MKD must have an existing code of ethics/conduct in place. The captain would be directly violating this code of ethics by failing to report a leakage, therefore should be held accountable by MKD. As stated when the captain was hired, in the instance of any possible environmental hazard, immediate reporting is required for MKD to uphold their social responsibility to the public. Secondly, in order for MKD to act ethically towards their employees they would need to ensure safe working conditions.†¦show more content†¦Failing to act immediately could negatively impact the company and could lead people to believe their practices are unethical. The public could begin to believe that greed is more important to MKD than the environment and that they don t take their stance on social responsibility seriously. MKD must admit fault and restore the damages they caused or lose the support and trust o f the public. Protecting the environment is vital and the general public will believe that a dent in MKD s wallet is more important than their responsibility towards the environment if MKD refuses to claim responsibility or take timely action. 3. MKD can take multiple stances on how they are going to respond to this dilemma and each one will end in different results. Hypothetically, if MKD adopts an Obstuctional stance, this could mean that they were aware the entire time of the ships leak and chose to ignore it. It could have been caused by faulty systems or intentionally disregarded due to a financial burden that it would place on the corporation. The cost would come from either repairing a known problem or from implementing preventive safety measure. MKD would have made a decision to not act on the leak in hopes they wouldn t be found out. The media and environmental groups are aware of a problem now, but if they take an obstuctional stance the company will do everything in their power to notShow MoreRelatedMarketing and Strategic Elements1031 Words   |  5 Pagesintegrated in cross-media including television, print and radio. How do ethics and social responsibility help a firm achieve market place success? Ethics and social responsibility are becoming increasingly more important in today’s business world. Companies used to view ethics in terms of compliance with legal standards; however, companies are now realizing they need to focus more on ethics and social responsibility to win over their customers. Companies are being held accountable for theirRead MoreMarketing Plan For H M s Business Strategy1556 Words   |  7 PagesIt describes the role of the marketing plan and its connection with HM corporate strategy in terms of supporting strategic objectives and analysing external and internal environment to support the setting of corporate objectives. This report identifies the most adequate new product development strategy for HM test marketing and crowdsourcing. Product description, pricing and distribution strategy for entering the Algerian market are also suggested. Promotion and communication strategy and the issuesRead MoreThe Driving Force Behind A Company s Financial Su ccess Essay1251 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresents has a fiduciary responsibility to consumers. Thus marketing managers has not only a moral but also an ethical responsibility to consumer, stakeholders and the company they represents. In simple layman’s term, ethics is a concept of what is wrong and right. For marketers, ethics is the working place refer to rules (standards, principles) governing the conduct of organizational members and the consequences of marketing decision (Peterson Farrell, 2005). Ethic is defined as PhilosophicalRead MoreDiscuss the Main Factors Affecting Product Pricing in the Uk1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthe main factors affecting product pricing in the UK Two surveys on the price-setting behaviour of UK firms published by the Bank of England in 1996 and 2008 concluded that the price, the amount of money expected, required or given for a certain level of output, was most often set as a result of market conditions1. The same report however found that the second largest price differential was the objective of the specific firm surveyed1, and thus product pricing in the UK can be seen to be determinedRead MoreEthics And Social Responsibility Of A Global Company1284 Words   |  6 PagesPart A: The approaches to ethics and social responsibility Employees of a global company such as MKD need to adhere to the companies’ regulations as well as guidelines regarding ethical behavior and responsibility. The various ethical behaviors that are exercised by MKD towards their employees include, abiding to the law. With regards to the oil spill, the employees of the company are required to take the required measures that will ensure that the damages of the oil spills are minimized, this willRead MoreAnalysis of an Organization and Impacts of Environmental Factors2101 Words   |  8 Pagesservices to the passengers through integration of quality and affordable pricing mechanism. Some of the services by Flight Centre to its consumers include holiday packages, cruises, accommodation, car hire, and insurance. The main objective of the organization is to offer competitive services at affordable prices with the aim of meeting the goals and objectives within the market and industry of operation. The main objective of this research ex ercise is to analyze Flight Centre of Australia and impactsRead MoreLennar Corporation Case Study1395 Words   |  6 Pagesprice plunged and trading volume increased dramatically. This paper discusses Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the context of business ethics, a S.W.O.T. analysis and P.E.S.T.E.L. analysis of the Lennar Corporation, possible solution(s) to improve Lennar’s behavior relative to CSR and business ethics to regain the public trust. Key issues: Facing numerous problems such as fraudulent trading, improper ethics, and indiscrete (environmental pollution) construction practices.   Lennar was embarkedRead MoreBusiness Organization, Vocabulary, Ethics, And Management Essay1056 Words   |  5 Pageswhich consist of business organization, vocabulary, ethics, and management. In retrospect of all the content I have learned, the video does make a good point in that humanity needs to be considered and understood when analyzing the entire management in a business. Businesses thrive off positive work ethic, strong leadership, and efficient management. Without these factors, the business will lack strong productivity, teamwork, social responsibility, organization, and appeal to the consumer. StartingRead MoreThe Social Responsibility Of Wal Mart862 Words   |  4 Pages It is said that â€Å"The only social responsibility that there is, is to obey laws and pay taxes,† but according to Milton Friedman, â€Å"social responsibi lity is to increase profits.† This kind of responsibility also a form of giving back. Many people believe that the future of Wal-Mart is sustainability. Wal-Mart Stakeholders are the associates, otherwise known as employees, the suppliers, and the investors of this company. I believe that Wal-Mart is doing enough to become more sustainable both locallyRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility By Howard R. Bowen1286 Words   |  6 Pages Corporate Social Responsibility Introduction: Corporate Social Responsibility refers to the responsibilities that a company has towards society. CSR can be described as decision making by a business that is linked to the ethical values and respect for individuals, society and the environment, as well as compliance with legal requirement. â€Å"The book â€Å"Social Responsibilities of the Businessman† by Howard R. Bowen started the discussion of CSR. Bowen defined CSR as â€Å"the obligations of businessmen

Copper Reactions - 1330 Words

------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT ------------------------------------------------- The copper reaction experiment was demonstrated by adding the reagents like 16M HNO3, Distilled water, 6M NaOH, 6M H2SO4, Acetone, Zinc metal and Methanol into the beaker with the copper wire. The experiment was also demonstrated to observe how copper reacts while different reagents were being added. It was also demonstrated to practice the common laboratory techniques such as methods of separation involving filtration, sedimentation, decantation and extraction. While different reagents were added to the copper wire, different reactions were also observed and tallied until the recovered copper was weighed and the percentage†¦show more content†¦The solution was then filtrated and the black residue remained on the filter paper as the solution was being filtrated. Cu(OH)2 ----∆---gt; CuO After the filtration, the black precipitate (CuO) was dissolved by a 15ml 6M H2SO4 (Sulfuric acid), a blue mixture was formed. After adding the Sulfuric acid, a 2g zinc metal was added to the mixture and was stirred, when stirring, tiny bubbles started to appear and the change in color from blue to brown color happened. Also, the zinc metal was dissolved but not totally that made up the tiny solids. When the tiny solids were cooled, it was washed and decanted twice by a 10ml Methanol and also a 10ml Acetone. After washing and decanting the recovered copper, it was again heated until the recovered copper was totally dry and weighed again using the analytical balance. After that, the percentage yield was calculated. The weight of the recovered copper and the paper was 1.3242 g To calculate the percentage yield, the formula was followed: Percentage Yield=mass of recovered copperactual yieldmass of copper wire (theoretical yield) x 100 To calculate the mass of the recoveredShow MoreRelatedThe Reaction of Iron Nails with a Copper Solution Essay933 Words   |  4 PagesSection Assignment 3.4 Part F – The Reaction of Iron Nails with a Copper Solution Introduction: The experiment in this activity involves the reaction between a copper (II) chloride solution with iron nails and the mole ratios involved in the reaction. Measurements are taken to determine the moles of each reactant involved in the reaction and thus the number of atoms or molecules involved. Apparatus and Materials: Refer to the reaction of iron nails with a copper solution assignment in Module 3Read MoreHow Is Copper Transformed And Chemical Reaction?862 Words   |  4 PagesConservation of mass: How is copper transformed in chemical reaction? There were 3 objectives for this lab they were demonstrate that mass is conserved in chemical transformations, practice balancing out chemical equations for reactions observed in the lab and practice the skill of recognizing chemical reactions and making detailed observations. Part A of lab (preparation of copper (II) nitrate from copper metal). Weigh out ~ 0.2 g of copper foil pieces (record to the nearest .001 g) into a weighRead MoreAn Experiment On The Reaction Of Acid And Decanting Has On Copper984 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant for reactions in aqueous solutions to reach equilibrium, meaning that both products and reactants need to be present before continuing to the next reaction or next step. In this experiment, copper was changed through eight different reactions. Throughout the process, qualitative observations were recorded to see what effect each type of acid and decanting has on copper. All of these steps were successfully completed by using different acidic solutions and zinc to take copper through theRead MoreThe Alternating Chemical Reactions Of The Copper Cycle Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesThe Alternating Chemical Reactions of the Copper Cycle *Nikko Baez and John Harling Chemistry 111 Course Section 475 Introduction: Copper has a very important biological and environmental significance, and is considered one of the most important elements all over the world. Within this experiment, copper’s ionic and elemental forms will be examined. This will be done by exposing copper to a series of chemicals and transforming copper into a nitrate, a hydroxide, an oxide, a sulfate, and then changingRead MoreRound-Trip Copper Reactions Lab Report Essay example833 Words   |  4 PagesRound-Trip Copper Reactions Lab The purpose of this lab was to evaluate our skills of decanting a supernatant liquid without losing the solid and successful completion of a series of reactions. This was done through five chemical reactions involving copper. In this lab, elemental copper was put through five different chemical reactions in order to convert it into different compounds. By the end of the fifth reaction, the copper was back to its elemental state. In the first reaction, 0.95 g ofRead MoreThe Cycle Of Chemical Changes And Reactions Involving Copper Essay1400 Words   |  6 PagesChemical Changes and Reactions Involving Copper *Timothy Tomblin, Cade Adelman, CHEM 111, Sec. 550 Introduction The experiment was performed to show the many chemical reactions and states of copper, a very common yet important element that can is found in many useful compounds throughout the world. Copper was combined with many different compounds and elements to cause chemical changes in the state of copper. These reactions were conducted to display the several different states of copper throughout theRead More Copper Essay1069 Words   |  5 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Weil 1 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Copper is one of the earliest elements known to man. Because of its distinct red color, Copper is very easily identified. In the ancient times, copper could be found lying in the ground in its unattached state without interaction to other substances. Copper and its compounds have many uses in today’s society. Copper has many chemical properties that make it unique. The Atomic number of copper is 29. An Atomic number is a measure of the amount ofRead MoreThe History of Water Pipes The earliest known evidence of a pipe being used for plumbing was found1500 Words   |  6 Pagesplumbing was found in Mesopotamia it is estimated to have been made around 3000 BC. The pipes were made from clay mixed with short lengths of straw. This was the first type of pipe to be used to transport water from different places. Both brass and copper pipes have been found in Egypt believed to have been constructed close to 2500 BC. The Romans used lead pipes, extensive use of lead pipe by joining sheets of lead into piping to carry their water supply and waste. Two millennia ago the ancient RomansRead MoreAn Experiment On Voltage Levels926 Words   |  4 Pagesnail and a copper nail to model the essential parts of a battery. The zinc nail represents the negative charge while the copper nail imitates a positive charge. To measure this energy created in the fruit an analog multimeter was used. The procedure used is below. Collect the materials required for the experiment. Lay out a lime, a zinc nail, and a copper nail. Push the zinc nail carefully into the top left side of the lime. Do the same for the copper nail on theRead MoreExperiment : The Copper Cycle865 Words   |  4 PagesExperiment 8: The Copper Cycle Purpose The main goal of this experiment was to observe series of reactions that convert a piece of copper metal, via several different copper-containing compounds, back into its original elemental form. The data collected was the striking color changes along with their relevant chemical equations. The data was collected while keeping a close eye on the experiment the whole time. The data recorded was used to see the different changes involved with a piece of copper metal. The

Define Self-Esteem, Including Contingencies of Self-Worth Free Essays

Definitions Jennifer Crandall PSY/220 November 17, 2012 Professor Sheats Definitions Define self-esteem, including contingencies of self-worth. When might the pursuit of self-esteem be harmful to individuals? When might threats to self-esteem be helpful? Self-Esteem refers to the evaluative component of self-concept ( Baumeister, 1998; Coopersmith, 1967). This is the feelings that one gets when doing self-evaluations. We will write a custom essay sample on Define Self-Esteem, Including Contingencies of Self-Worth or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is how a person sees themselves and judges themselves. The contingencies of self-worth may be a favorable view of themselves, thinking that they are competent, likable, attractive and successful may help them to believe they are worthy and increase levels of self-esteem. Self-esteem may also be influenced by the expectations of others. The approval of others is one example of the contingencies of self-esteem. Other examples of the contingencies of self-esteem are: appearance, competition, academic competence, family support, virtue and God’s love. There is a darker side to self-esteem, people that constantly pursue elevated levels of self-esteem have traits that are similar to those that are associated with materialism. People that make choices based on others perceptions of them rather than what makes they happy are depriving themselves of well-being. They give up their own autonomy, intrinsic motivation, and personally expressive actions. Threats to self-esteem can also be helpful. While experience threats to self-esteem people may learn to come up with better coping skills than they may have previously possessed. By experiencing these threats, they learn to overcome obstacles in turn, they may actually boost their self-esteem by learning that they are capable of overcoming these challenges. How to cite Define Self-Esteem, Including Contingencies of Self-Worth, Essay examples

Bob Smith Essay Example For Students

Bob Smith Essay IMPORTANT-READ CAREFULLY: This compact disc (CD) product contains standard so-called Red Book-compliant audio files that can be played on any standard CD player, including those contained in many personal home computer systems. As an added feature, this compact disc (CD) product also enables you to convert these audio files into digital music files and/or may also contain other already existing digital content (such files and content, collectively, the DIGITAL CONTENT), any of which may be stored on the hard drive of a personal home computer system owned by you (YOUR COMPUTER) and accessed via YOUR COMPUTER or certain approved, compatible portable devices owned by you (each, an APPROVED PORTABLE DEVICE). Before you can play the audio files on YOUR COMPUTER or create and/or transfer the DIGITAL CONTENT to YOUR COMPUTER, you will need to review and agree to be bound by an end user license agreement or EULA, the terms and conditions of which are set forth below. Once you have read these terms and conditions, you will be asked whether or not you agree to be bound by them. Click AGREE if you agree to be bound. Click DISAGREE if you do not agree to be bound. Please keep in mind, however, that if you do not agree to be bound by these terms and conditions, you will not be able to utilize the audio files or the DIGITAL CONTENT on YOUR COMPUTER.As soon as you have agreed to be bound by the terms and conditions of the EULA, this CD will automatically install a small proprietary software program (the SOFTWARE) onto YOUR COMPUTER. The SOFTWARE is intended to protect the audio files embodied on the CD, and it may also facilitate your use of the DIGITAL CONTENT. Once installed, the SOFTWARE will reside on YOUR COMPUTER until removed or deleted. However, the SOFTWARE will not be used at any time to collect any personal information from you, whether stored on YOUR COMPUTER or otherwise. Once the SOFTWARE has been installed on YOUR COMPUTER, a menu will then appear on the screen of YOUR COMPUTER, giving you the option of playing the audio files on YOUR COMPUTER, creating a copy of the DIGITAL CONTENT directly onto the hard drive of YOUR COMPUTER, or making a limited number of back-up copies of the CD onto other, recordable CDs. If you choose to create a copy of the DIGITAL CONTENT, the menu will then prompt you to select a file format for the DIGITAL CONTENT. Once you have selected a file format, a copy of the DIGITAL CONTENT will automatically be created in that file format and transferred onto the hard drive of YOUR COMPUTER, where you will be able to access it using an APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER (see below) or, at you election, transfer it from YOUR COMPUTER onto an APPROVED PORTABLE DEVICE. In order to access the DIGITAL CONTENT on YOUR COMPUTER, you will need to have a copy of an approved media player software program that is capable of playing the DIGITAL CONTENT in the file format you selected (each such approved media player, an APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER) on YOUR COMPUTER. You may already have a copy of an APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER on YOUR COMPUTER. If you do, you will be able to play the DIGITAL CONTENT on YOUR COMPUTER without doing anything further. This CD may also contain an APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER for the file format you selected. If it does, the menu that appears on the screen of YOUR COMPUTER will prompt you on how to transfer a copy of that APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER onto YOUR COMPUTER. To the extent you utilize an APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER contained on this CD, your use of such APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER may be subject, in each instance, to separate terms and conditions provided by the owner of the APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER concerned. If you do not already have a copy of an APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER on YOUR COMPUTER, and if this CD does not contain a compatible APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER, then you will then need to secure a compatible APPROVED MEDIA PLAYER elsewhere (e. .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 , .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .postImageUrl , .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 , .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3:hover , .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3:visited , .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3:active { border:0!important; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3:active , .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3 .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udf6a8dd0e6fea2c5a9679f3d59c7e3c3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Business Law Essayg., on an Internet website, where you can download one). 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Fiscal Policies by President Barrack Obama

Introduction Macroeconomics deals with analysis of major factors contributing to stability of an outward looking economy. These elements are referred to as economic variables and they include: consumption expenditure, investment expenditure, savings, exports and imports. These are the macroeconomic variables describing an economy operating at an equilibrium position.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Fiscal Policies by President Barrack Obama specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Any extraneous variable injected into the national equilibrium equation would affect the stability of a nation. This research paper will begin by discussing the current economic crisis in the United States of America. It will entail a detail examination of major issues that have contributed to recession as an economic crisis in United States of America. Easy credit facilities, collapse of major financial institution, war in the Arab countries, economic suctions on potential trading partners, skyrocketing inflation rates, and the decline in value of a dollar against other hard currencies are factors contributing to crisis in the economy. To counter these factors contributing to financial crisis, this paper will deliberated on policy instrument employed by President Barrack Obama. It will involve a thorough appraisal of fiscal instrument for the economic year 2009- 2010. So as to offer an explicit view of fiscal policy, it is important to focus much attention first on the description of both contractionary and expansionary fiscal policy. This research paper will further offer a comparison of the two as employed by the current president of United States of America then describe a statement of polices adopted by the White House. Before a conclusion is drawn, we will put across recommendations which are relevant for the current economic situation. Economic crisis in United States of America The current economic stal emate in various countries is as a result of misplaced priorities. This means that man is the source of all the troubles pulling down the prospects on an economy. Economic crisis has been marked by low employment of factors of production because of low spending. This minimum spending may be as a result of fewer saving. Macroeconomic equation offers an illustrious example of how savings, investment, consumption and the balance of payment deficit affect the running of an economy thus leading to economic crisis (Richard, 2010). As part of the factors contributing to economic crisis the paper present the following ideas as the leads to economic crisis.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Collapse of major financial institution The beginning of the crisis was a very simple pointer n the financial market. It was triggered by a housing plan whereby credit was given to people to buy houses whereas they could not afford. Since they didn’t have enough savings, the only option was to go for mortgage from financial institution. The long run effect was a failure in paying back their debts and a subsequent collapse of major banking institutions. Statistics shows that there was an estimate of 6 trillion US dollars mortgage debt in 1999 which translated to 12 trillion US dollars in 2007 and a further higher level in later years. If these figures are compared with annual value of gross domestic product of approximately 11.5 trillion US dollars with a debt of 9 trillion US dollars then it was not possible pay the losses. This acted as the beginning of the present predicament of never ending debt crisis. Although stimulus package has been recommended by US administration, minimum results have been registered. Easy credit conditions In the year 2000 the government reserve reduced its rates by 5.5 % for three years. This was necessitated by terrorist attack i n 2001 and a predicted deflation. An increased downward pressure on interest rates was caused by increased trade deficits in the year 2006 and summed up by the housing problem (Lahart, 2010). Following the deficits, United States had to borrow so as to finance them. The act had an effect on the price of marketable securities and the interest rates since the two are inversely proportional to each other. Invasion of Arab country of Iraq As a security measure, United States of America invaded Iraq with presumption of destroying dangerous chemical weapons in possession of Iraqi government. This meant redirecting development resources to this otherwise non income activity. The net effect of this action is a deficit in capital and recurrent expenditure budget. Monetary and non-monetary resources could have been used for development and to supplement other arms of the federal government. Economic assumptions shows that resources are better utilized within a country. Sanctions placed on gro wing economies Economic suctions placed on other countries destroy environment meant for business. A good illustration of this factor is economic suctions imposed by the united nation on the already crippled economy of Zimbabwe.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Fiscal Policies by President Barrack Obama specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This was a bold step following a widespread crime against humanity committed by the sitting government. The net effect of the trade sanctions is a minimized ease of flow of economic goods through trade channels. Another factor chipping in is the progressive growth in economies of Japan and Europe which is unfavorable for the economy of United States (Paul, 2010). Other nations have diverted their trading partners from USA to these fast growing economies. This therefore means that the output for locally manufactured products cannot find market thus yielding less national income. Appreciation of the dollar against other hard currencies has affected exports of sectors where it has a comparative advantage. The surplus produced are suppose to be exported to earn foreign exchange and support domestic investment. A long run effect of low exports and increased imports is the creation of unfavorable balance of payment deficit where the United States economy cannot find foreign market for its products while on the other hand it has to import. Inflation Increase in price of oil per barrel and other consumer goods has an effect on consumption spending. In the beginning of the year 2007 prices of oil was 49 US dollars but one year later the prices was nearly a triple of the value (Joseph, 2010). Economist based the argument of the view that people would want to save more and spend less because of the fast increase in prices of goods and services. Since the prices are high, purchasing power of the consumer reduces. This translates to a situation where producer g oods cannot find market thus forcing producers to cut down their production. Inflation also affects negatively market securities like bonds. Public tend to shy away from the unattractive bonds which then calls for a new offer. In this regard money is held for speculative purposes. Decline in value of dollar For any investment to be done, investors are more concerned with the rates of exchange so that they can get a value for their money. If the exchange rates are high, investors would get a less value for their investment because it would not find market. The United States recorded a high decline in the value of its currency by 45% between the years 1985 to the end of 1987. This mainly affected the bonds and other securities in the stock market owned by foreigners who had invested in the U.S. economy. It therefore meant that the public and private projects cannot be financed by foreign direct investment as a source of capital.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fiscal polices employed by President Barrack Obama The current president of United States was fast in formulating policies to deal with economic crisis. Among the package was the use of fiscal policy to jumpstart a thriving economy. This captures the tax collection as a source of revenue and how they can be spent wisely. If the percentage of taxes and their internal composition are adjusted then their cumulative effect will be on: aggregate demand and employment in the economy, the ways of allocating resources while taking care of income distribution. Every government must consider drawing an all inclusive budget for the citizens. The major source of finance for the budget is revenue collection in form of taxes from all administrative levels. Another principal source of funding is printing money. More money will go into circulation and can lead to hyperinflation if production in all sectors of the economy is not enhanced. The government can also borrow from the public by issuing sec urities like bonds and other stocks. This has an effect of reducing money in circulation and therefore using such funds for developing sectors of the economy. Reserves and selling fixed assets can also be used as a source of funds for federal government’s intentions. So as to be explicit on fiscal policy instrument, graphical representation can be drawn to demonstrate effect of taxes on the demand curve. A reduction in taxes has an effect on effective demand since the demand curve shifts to the right as shown by the arrow in the graphical diagram. Expansionary fiscal policy This involves a progressive increase in government spending compared to taxes as a source of revenue. Since the expenses in the budget are more then the budget will face a deficit of finances. The 2009 saw a deficit 1.8 trillion US dollars and the current projection for president Obama will realize a deficit of 7.1 trillion US dollars by the year 2019. Health plan by the president will see more funds bein g allocated to it. Following an increase in terrorist treat and continued stay of military in Iraq will demand more funds be allocated in form of military spending. While attempting to build on employment level, Obama’s government has to create opportunities for its youth. This is in form of enhancing the capacities of both service and manufacturing sectors. The motive of the president’s budget proposal was ultimately for socioeconomic equity. As an expansionary measure, US president proposed a tax relief for those earning less incomes and families with minimum source of income. This would subject them to more disposable income. Since tax levels are low, consumers would shy away from spending hence an overall increase in consumption expenditure and aggregate demand. An equal and opposite force of increasing taxes for income groups of persons earning above 25,000 dollars is meant to reimburse accounts of the federal government and thus gourd them from loss after a tax s ubsidy for the poor population. The act empowering the less fortunate in the system will bridge the gab between the poor and the reach thus achieving a bigger percentage of social equality. Considering the fact that more taxes have been imposed for the elite in the system then spending on expensive consumer goods is reduced but a tax relief would motivate them to spend (Krugman, 2010). By cutting down on taxes charged for small and medium enterprises, the administration would reduce unemployment while expanding on job creation. The action of raising taxes on capital gains is a non-motivating factor to investors as it would reduce the amount spent on investment. These taxes on capital gains supplements governments budget and thus enable it developing less developed areas of the United States of America. To analyze on the issue of divided taxes is that the kill the will power of an investor whose earnings has to be taxed further regardless of the levels of earnings. It must be conside red that the current economic crisis was partly caused by a reduction in efficiency of stock market leading to investors moving out of the market. Financial institutions with its aspects of circulating deposits could not function well. To illustrate this point, persons would borrow funds but were not able to payback their debts. This meant that the financial institution failed to generate incomes from the process of lending and reinvesting deposits. The president wish to streamline these financial sectors by injecting in funds from the central bank by reducing banks lending rates. If the rates are reduced, banks would go for funds from lender of last resort. Therefore these banks would be able to support their activities. This expansionary fiscal policy is meant for redistribution of economic resource and a more progressive definition of taxes. This means that those who earn more will have to pay more in form of taxes. Contractionary Fiscal Policy This kind of fiscal measure has a h igh revenue level as a result of high taxation rates. Contractionary measure is possible by reducing government spending or increasing the taxes levels. The end factor is a less deficit in budget or rather the surpluses are more contrary to anticipation. By default, a budget is supposed to show an equilibrium position between spending and incomes (Lahart, 2007). In his administration president Obama planned on increasing taxes on high income groups so as to balance on income distribution and bridge the gab between the poor and the rich. However much of the contractionary policy is not used by Obamas administration simply because of the policy framework. Statement on the policies adopted Policy instrument adopted by president Obama is an expansionary fiscal policy with an aim reducing the gab between the poor and the rich through fiscal policy instrument adopted. A more progressive taxation system recognizes the need to tax more people at a higher income category and redistribute it the low income group. The policy also favors the poor population in the health care plan by reducing the pay roll tax contrary to previous reduction on income tax. Pay roll taxes majorly finance the social security and medical care of the population. This major cut was to stimulate growth in various sectors of the economy by building on the motivation power of the people (Richard, 2010). Recommendations Financial sectors form the basis of any economy. There is a need therefore to make them more responsive to the needs of the population by letting the interest rates fluctuate with demand in the market. This is possible if the federal government do not temper with the lending rates of banking sectors. In the light of this statement, a positive measure can be taken in form of encouraging masses to borrow and reinvest. Interest rates can be reduced for those who want to invest in specific sectors of the economy an example being housing. Foreign direct investment is another approach that can be employed by the government to stimulate growth. This is possible if taxes imposed on foreign investors are reduced. It can be in form of tax cut on corporate body. All factors considered, an American economy cannot survive on its own without employment of monetary policy. As illustrated in statement mentioned above, monetary policy is the use of interest rates to regulate on money circulation in the system. If the government wants to encourage borrowing from financial institution then it reduces the lending rates. People would then go for monies in the bank to reinvest in a potential business environment. If an overinvestment is registered then the government can increase the lending rates which would prompt people to hold monies for speculative purposes. Conclusion The beginning of this paper is a discussion covering on the economic crisis in the United States of America which is broadly seen as recession. Contributing factors analyzed include: collapse of major financial i nstitution, progressive increase in the prices of consumer goods, misplacement of priorities, trade sanctions on other nations, and the perpetual increase in debt burden. As a measure to deal with financial crisis president Obama employed the use of fiscal policy as a macroeconomic stimulus package. The research paper is explicit on both expansionary and contractionary fiscal policy. It is evident that the president employed more an expansionary measure by focusing on reducing on taxes imposed on low income group. After an analysis of the policy instrument, the paper offers a statement on fiscal policy. Final it is imperative to make recommendation which will add value on to the research in the field. References Krugman, P. (2010). The Return of Depression Economics and the Crisis of 2008. New York: Norton Company Limited. Lahart, J. (2010). Egg Cracks Differ In housing, Finance Shells. Wall Street Journal, 23, 1317- 1623. Joseph, E. (2010). Freefall: America, Free Markets, and the Sinking of the World Economy. New York.:Norton Company. Richard, B. (2010).The Global (Financial). Economic Crisis. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/. Paul, W. (2010). Financial Stress – Should We Blame the Failing Economy? Economic policies Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/. This critical writing on Fiscal Policies by President Barrack Obama was written and submitted by user Benton Miranda to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ca essays

Ca essays Why was the Great Leap Forward a failure and how was the Cultural Revolution concept of equality different from the U.S.s concept of equality as reflected by the self-evident truth that all people are created equal? For decades China had been either at war with or occupied Japan. Mao and the Communists moved rapidly to strengthen their rule over Chinas 550million people. The Communists claimed to have a new Mandate of Heaven. And they aimed to restore China as a powerful nation. The Great Leap Forward would soon prove to be a great leap backward for China. The Cultural Revolution of China equality would also differentiate between the United States equality concepts. In 1957, after China's first Five-Year Plan, Mao Zedong called for an increase in the speed of growth of "actual socialism" in China (as opposed to "dictatorial socialism"). To accomplish this goal, Mao began the Great Leap Forward, establishing special communes in the countryside through the usage of collective labor and mass mobilization. The Great Leap Forward was intended to increase the production of steel and to raise agricultural production to twice 1957 levels. The Great Leap turned into an utter disaster. Industries went into turmoil since peasants were producing nothing, but steel. Furthermore, the peasants, as farmers, were ill-equipped and ill-trained to produce steel, relying on such mechanisms as backyard furnaces. Meanwhile, farming implements like rakes were melted down for steel, making agricultural production impossible. This led to declines in production of everything, but steel. To make things worse, in order to avoid punishment, local authorities continually reported grossly unrealistic production numbers, which hid the problem for years and made it worse. The Chinese economy, which had just barely recovered from decades of war, was headed into disaster.The government officially discontinued the program in 196 ...

Voting and Ethical Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Voting and Ethical Issues - Essay Example It also seeks to find out whether it is necessary for voters to present their ID in order to cast their votes (Griffith, 2008). In the field of voting, ethics it is important to determine whether a voter should vote or abstain. In cases where a voter is apathetic to the result of the election the voter, the voter should avoid. The voting ethics also determine how the citizens vote and how they should vote. From a moral perspective, voting is not just as ordering food from a menu. When we vote, it is like we are forcing one to everybody else. There are ethical principles that are used to govern how people behave in times of elections (Griffith, 2008). Voter identification laws are contentious because they touch one of the most important political rights. The laws relate to a simple policy that goes around difficult questions, and there arise many disagreements. One of the questions often asked is whether the voter ID affects the voter turnout and if it does, is it to prevent a specific any group of people from voting? In most nations, they advocate the integrity of election system to ensure a fair election and that legitimate vote counts and minimize cases of frauds during the election. Despite the advances in technology in the current democracy, there are cases of voter’s fraud that still arise. There is a resistance to using the use of an ID which can be a solution to this problem. Given the cases of voter fraud, and presentation of the voter's ID to allow one to vote, the majority of US citizens believe that they are required to show identification with a photo such as a driving license. Despite the fraud that occurred during elections, the US Attorney General says that the new voter ID laws were potential for racial bias.